It definitely does go into the real economy. They mostly use the new money to buy government bonds, and governments end up spending it (mostly) on people, who then spend it on things. The article you cited is just an explanation of the (long, complicated) technical process by which this happens. The claim money printing doesn't cause inflation is mainly backed by the claim that most Americans used the money "printed" and given to them by the USG to pay off debts, thus destroying money again. But it doesn't really destroy money if you're printing money and then using it to pay off debts. It just devalues the debt itself, because the total money supply has still increased, so the repayments are worth less than the lender expected.
Yes, central banks buy government bonds from commercial banks but that is irrelevant. The commercial banks effectively act as pass-throughs. They buy government bonds knowing that they'll immediately offload them to the central bank. The way money printing works in the modern economy is much more complicated than it used to be, but it boils down to the same thing with the same problems.
You can't own central bank reserves at all, but all banks accept them for money transfers from other banks. That's how money transfers between banks work and being able to do that is why you have a bank account at all. Paying for things this way is as money as it gets.
